Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare, acquired hematologic disorder marked by chronic intravascular hemolysis, bone marrow failure, and a heightened risk of thrombosis. It…
Paraganglioma
Paragangliomas are rare, typically benign neuroendocrine tumors arising from the paraganglia—a collection of chromaffin cells located outside the adrenal glands. These tumors are closely related…
Murine Typhus
Murine typhus, also known as endemic typhus or flea-borne typhus, is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Rickettsia typhi. This bacterial infection primarily spreads…
Microcystic Lymphatic Malformation
Microcystic lymphatic malformation (MLM) is a rare congenital condition affecting the lymphatic system. It is characterized by the abnormal development of lymphatic vessels, leading to…
Meningoencephalitis Due to Naegleria
Meningoencephalitis due to Naegleria fowleri is a rare and often fatal brain infection known as Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM). Naegleria fowleri is a free-living amoeba…
Malignant Neoplasm of Gastroesophageal Junction
Malignant neoplasm of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) is a severe and aggressive cancer affecting the area where the esophagus meets the stomach. This condition is…
Isosporiasis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Isosporiasis is a parasitic intestinal infection caused by Cystoisospora belli (formerly Isospora belli). It primarily affects the small intestine, leading to persistent diarrhea, dehydration, and…
Herpes Simplex Infection: Causes, Symptoms
Herpes simplex infection is a common viral condition caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). This virus exists in two primary forms: HSV-1, which is…
Granuloma Inguinale: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis
Granuloma inguinale, also known as donovanosis, is a rare sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Klebsiella granulomatis. This chronic bacterial disease primarily affects…
Gold Toxicity: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Gold toxicity, also known as gold poisoning, is a rare yet serious medical condition that occurs when excessive amounts of gold accumulate in the body.…