Diabetic retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious complication of diabetes that affects the retina, leading to vision impairment and potential blindness. When coupled with severe insulin…
Diabetic nephropathy
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a progressive kidney disease caused by long-term diabetes mellitus, characterized by glomerular damage, proteinuria, and eventual renal failure. The presence of…
Diabetic macular edema
Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a leading cause of vision impairment among individuals with diabetes mellitus. The coexistence of DME and severe insulin resistance presents…
Concomitant hypertension and osteoarthritis
Concomitant hypertension and osteoarthritis Its a Hypertension and osteoarthritis (OA) are two of the most prevalent chronic conditions worldwide, frequently coexisting in aging populations. Their…