muscle spasm

Muscle Spasms

Muscle spasms, often referred to as muscle cramps, are involuntary contractions of a muscle or group of muscles. These spasms can range from mild to…
envenomation by black widow spider

Envenomation by black widow spider

Black widow spiders (Latrodectus spp.) are among the most venomous spiders in the world. Their bites cause a condition known as latrodectism, characterized by systemic…