Nephrotic Syndrome
Nephrotic syndrome is a clinical condition marked by heavy proteinuria (≥3.5 g/day), hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and peripheral edema. It signifies a disturbance in the glomerular filtration…
Kidney Disease with Reduced Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
Kidney disease, particularly when marked by a reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), presents significant health challenges. GFR is a critical indicator of renal function,…
Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy
Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), also known as Berger's disease, is a kidney disorder characterized by the accumulation of Immunoglobulin A (IgA) deposits in the glomeruli.…
Diabetic nephropathy
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a progressive kidney disease caused by long-term diabetes mellitus, characterized by glomerular damage, proteinuria, and eventual renal failure. The presence of…