Moraxella Catarrhalis Acute Otitis Media

Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common middle ear infection, especially in children. One of the major bacterial pathogens responsible for AOM is Moraxella catarrhalis.

Chronic tubotympanic suppurative otitis media

Chronic tubotympanic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a persistent and potentially debilitating condition affecting the middle ear. Characterized by chronic inflammation, tympanic membrane perforation, and

Bacterial otitis externa

Bacterial otitis externa, often referred to as “swimmer’s ear,” is a common ear infection that affects the outer ear canal. It is typically caused by