Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a malignant tumor arising from the epithelial cells lining the esophagus. It is the most common subtype of esophageal…
Diphyllobothrium infections
Diphyllobothrium infections, commonly referred to as fish tapeworm infections, are caused by cestodes from the Diphyllobothrium genus. These parasites primarily infect humans and other fish-eating…
Diabetic nephropathy
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a progressive kidney disease caused by long-term diabetes mellitus, characterized by glomerular damage, proteinuria, and eventual renal failure. The presence of…
Complicated skin and skin structure streptococcus pyogenes infection
Streptococcus pyogenes, a Group A Streptococcus (GAS), is a significant human pathogen responsible for a spectrum of diseases, ranging from mild superficial skin infections to…
Cryptococcal septicemia
Cryptococcal septicemia is a rare but potentially life-threatening infection caused by the Cryptococcus species, primarily Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. This infection is predominantly associated…
Cryptococcal meningitis
Cryptococcal meningitis is a severe fungal infection of the brain and spinal cord that primarily affects immunocompromised individuals. This disease is caused by the Cryptococcus…
Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome
Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndrome (CAPS) is a rare and complex genetic disorder that primarily affects the immune system. It is characterized by recurrent episodes of fever,…