Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare, acquired hematologic disorder marked by chronic intravascular hemolysis, bone marrow failure, and a heightened risk of thrombosis. It…
Paraganglioma
Paragangliomas are rare, typically benign neuroendocrine tumors arising from the paraganglia—a collection of chromaffin cells located outside the adrenal glands. These tumors are closely related…
Murine Typhus
Murine typhus, also known as endemic typhus or flea-borne typhus, is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Rickettsia typhi. This bacterial infection primarily spreads…
Microcystic Lymphatic Malformation
Microcystic lymphatic malformation (MLM) is a rare congenital condition affecting the lymphatic system. It is characterized by the abnormal development of lymphatic vessels, leading to…
Meningoencephalitis Due to Naegleria
Meningoencephalitis due to Naegleria fowleri is a rare and often fatal brain infection known as Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM). Naegleria fowleri is a free-living amoeba…
Isosporiasis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Isosporiasis is a parasitic intestinal infection caused by Cystoisospora belli (formerly Isospora belli). It primarily affects the small intestine, leading to persistent diarrhea, dehydration, and…
Granuloma Inguinale: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis
Granuloma inguinale, also known as donovanosis, is a rare sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Klebsiella granulomatis. This chronic bacterial disease primarily affects…
Glutaric Aciduria Type II: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis
Glutaric Aciduria Type II (GA-II), also known as Multiple Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (MADD), is a rare inherited metabolic disorder characterized by impaired fatty acid, amino…
Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN) is a rare neurological condition characterized by severe, recurring pain in the throat, tongue, ear, and tonsils. This condition affects the glossopharyngeal…
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a malignant tumor arising from the epithelial cells lining the esophagus. It is the most common subtype of esophageal…