Kidney Disease with Reduced Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
Kidney disease, particularly when marked by a reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), presents significant health challenges. GFR is a critical indicator of renal function,…
Hyperparathyroidism Secondary to Chronic Renal Failure
Hyperparathyroidism secondary to chronic renal failure, also known as secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), is a common complication in patients with long-term kidney disease. This condition arises…
Chronic kidney disease with albuminuria
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) with albuminuria is a significant health concern affecting millions worldwide. Albuminuria, characterized by the abnormal presence of albumin in the urine,…
Chronic kidney disease associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition that significantly impacts individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). As a major complication of diabetes, CKD…
Calciphylaxis
What is Calciphylaxis? Calciphylaxis, also known as calcific uremic arteriolopathy (CUA), is a rare yet severe condition characterized by progressive calcification of small- and medium-sized…