Citrobacter species, particularly Citrobacter freundii, are opportunistic pathogens that can cause meningitis in both immunocompromised individuals and those with other predisposing conditions such as trauma,…
Bacterial meningitis is a severe and life-threatening infection of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It can be caused by a variety of…
Syncope due to heart block refers to fainting episodes or loss of consciousness that occur when the heart's electrical conduction system is impaired. Heart block,…
Symptomatic orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a clinically significant drop in blood pressure upon standing, accompanied by symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, visual disturbances, fatigue, or…
Symptomatic congenital syphilis is a severe transplacental infection caused by Treponema pallidum, a spirochete bacterium transmitted from an infected mother to her fetus. It remains…
The deliberate or accidental release of high-potency opioids as chemical weapons presents a severe public health and national security threat. Synthetic opioids, such as fentanyl…
Surgical procedures on the eye proper refer to interventions involving the ocular globe and its internal structures. These highly specialized operations aim to restore, preserve,…
Effective hemostasis is critical to the success of surgical procedures, directly influencing patient outcomes and operative efficiency. While conventional methods such as ligation, cautery, and…
Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) encompasses a group of arrhythmias characterized by an abnormally rapid heart rate originating above the ventricles. This condition can cause significant discomfort…
Supraventricular arrhythmias refer to abnormal heart rhythms that originate above the ventricles, specifically in the atria or the atrioventricular (AV) node. These arrhythmias range from…