Rickettsial Infection
Rickettsial infection refers to a group of zoonotic diseases caused by obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacteria of the genus Rickettsia and related organisms. These pathogens are…
Riboflavin Deficiency
Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is a water-soluble vitamin critical to numerous cellular processes. It acts as a precursor to flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and…
Rhinorrhea
Rhinorrhea, commonly known as a runny nose, is characterized by excessive nasal discharge. It may present as a watery, mucoid, or purulent fluid and can…
Rhinocerebral Phycomycosis
Rhinocerebral phycomycosis, also referred to as rhinocerebral mucormycosis, is a fulminant, angioinvasive fungal infection predominantly caused by fungi of the order Mucorales, especially Rhizopus species.…
Rheumatoid Arthritis in Patients at High Gastric Ulcer Risk
Treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in patients with an elevated risk of gastric ulcers presents a significant clinical challenge. These patients require anti-inflammatory therapy to control…
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disorder primarily affecting synovial joints. Unlike osteoarthritis, which results from wear and tear, RA is characterized by…
Rheumatic Fever Prevention
Rheumatic fever (RF) is a serious inflammatory condition that arises as a delayed autoimmune response to untreated or inadequately treated Group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis.…
Rheumatic Fever
Rheumatic fever is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that can develop after an untreated or inadequately treated Group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis, commonly known as strep…