Superficial basal cell carcinoma (sBCC) is the second most common subtype of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the most prevalent form of skin cancer globally. Unlike nodular or infiltrative BCC, the superficial variant tends to present as flat, scaly patches, often resembling eczema or psoriasis, and primarily affects sun-exposed areas of the skin. Despite its slow
Sulfadiazine, a sulfonamide antimicrobial agent, is widely used in the treatment of various bacterial infections and toxoplasmosis, often in combination with pyrimethamine. Despite its therapeutic efficacy, sulfadiazine has a well-documented risk of toxicity, especially in patients with predisposing conditions. Sulfadiazine toxicity encompasses a broad range of adverse effects, ranging from mild hypersensitivity reactions to life-threatening
Schizophrenia, a severe mental health disorder characterized by distorted thinking, hallucinations, and delusions, is often accompanied by significant mood disturbances. One of the most concerning aspects of schizophrenia is the high prevalence of suicidal behavior among those affected. Suicidal thoughts and actions in schizophrenia pose a serious challenge for both patients and healthcare providers, as
Schizoaffective disorder (SAD) is a complex psychiatric condition that combines elements of schizophrenia and mood disorders such as bipolar disorder or depression. It is marked by psychotic symptoms, including hallucinations and delusions, alongside significant mood disturbances. One of the most concerning aspects of schizoaffective disorder is the heightened risk of suicidal behavior among affected individuals.
Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs) are rare, slow-growing brain tumors typically associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). TSC is a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of benign tumors in various organs, most notably in the brain, kidneys, heart, and skin. SEGAs represent one of the most common brain tumor types found in patients with
Subcutaneous urography is a valuable imaging technique used to evaluate the urinary system, primarily focusing on the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. In modern radiology, enhancing the contrast resorption process has proven essential for improving diagnostic outcomes. The use of adjuncts for contrast resorption in subcutaneous urography plays a pivotal role in achieving better visualization, facilitating
Subcorneal pustular dermatosis (SPD), a rare and chronic skin disorder, is characterized by the presence of sterile pustules beneath the outermost layer of the skin. This condition typically presents with localized or generalized eruptions of blisters that resemble pustular psoriasis or other skin rashes. Although it may initially appear similar to other dermatological disorders, SPD
Subarachnoid intracranial hemorrhage (SAH) is a rare but serious condition in which bleeding occurs in the subarachnoid space, the area between the brain and the thin tissues covering it. This type of hemorrhage can lead to severe complications, including brain injury, coma, or even death, making early detection and treatment crucial. Understanding the causes, symptoms,
Subacute bursitis refers to the inflammation of a bursa that persists beyond the acute phase, but without the severity typically associated with chronic bursitis. The bursa is a small, fluid-filled sac located around joints that serves to cushion and reduce friction between bones, tendons, and muscles. When these sacs become irritated or inflamed, the condition
Struvite renal calculi, also known as magnesium ammonium phosphate stones, are a specific type of kidney stone formed in response to urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by certain bacteria. These stones are typically large, irregularly shaped, and can cause significant discomfort and complications if left untreated. Struvite stones are unique in their ability to form