Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV)
Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a frequent complication following anesthesia and surgery, affecting up to 30% of all surgical patients and up to 80%…
Post-Op Photophobia
Post-operative photophobia refers to abnormal light sensitivity experienced following ocular surgery. While some degree of photophobia may be transient and expected, persistent or severe symptoms…
Post-Op Ocular Inflammation
Post-operative ocular inflammation is a common response following various types of intraocular surgery, including cataract extraction, vitrectomy, and glaucoma procedures. While a mild inflammatory reaction…
Postoperative Gynecological Infection Due to Peptostreptococcus
Peptostreptococcus species are obligate anaerobic, Gram-positive cocci that are part of the normal flora in the vagina, gastrointestinal tract, and oral cavity. Despite their commensal…
Postoperative Gynecological Infection Due to E. coli
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a common Gram-negative bacillus that resides in the lower gastrointestinal tract. While most strains are non-pathogenic in their natural habitat,…
Postoperative Gynecologic Infection Due to Streptococcus
Streptococcus species represent a significant cause of postoperative gynecologic infections, particularly after procedures involving the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and adjacent pelvic structures. Group A…
Postoperative Gynecologic Infection Due to Prevotella
Prevotella species, a group of gram-negative anaerobic bacteria, are increasingly implicated in postoperative gynecologic infections. Commonly found as commensals in the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract,…
Postoperative Gynecologic Infection Due to Porphyromonas
Postoperative gynecologic infections are significant complications following pelvic surgeries, such as hysterectomies, cesarean sections, and laparoscopic procedures. Anaerobic bacteria, including the Porphyromonas genus—particularly Porphyromonas asaccharolytica…
Postoperative Gynecologic Infection Due to Bacteroides
Postoperative gynecologic infections are serious complications that can arise after procedures such as hysterectomy, cesarean delivery, myomectomy, or laparoscopic pelvic surgeries. One of the most…
Post-Menopausal Symptoms and Their Management
Post-menopause begins 12 consecutive months after a woman’s last menstrual period. It marks the end of natural reproductive years, generally occurring between ages 45 and…