Hyperuricemia refers to an elevated level of uric acid in the blood. It occurs when the body produces excessive uric acid or the kidneys fail to excrete enough of it. In cancer patients, hyperuricemia is commonly associated with certain therapies, making it a significant clinical concern. Causes of Hyperuricemia in Cancer Therapy Cancer treatments, particularly
Hypertriglyceridemia refers to an elevated level of triglycerides in the blood, a condition linked to increased cardiovascular risks. Triglycerides are a type of fat derived from excess calories stored in the body. Maintaining balanced triglyceride levels is crucial for overall health. Causes of Hypertriglyceridemia Hypertriglyceridemia can result from various factors, including: Primary Causes (Genetic) Secondary
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an inflammatory lung disease triggered by inhaling environmental antigens such as dust, molds, animal dander, or chemicals. This immune response affects the alveoli and can lead to chronic respiratory issues if untreated. Causes of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis HP results from prolonged exposure to allergens or irritants. Common sources include: Common Types of
Hyperparathyroidism secondary to chronic renal failure, also known as secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), is a common complication in patients with long-term kidney disease. This condition arises due to the kidneys’ inability to maintain calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D balance, triggering excessive parathyroid hormone (PTH) production. Early detection and effective management are crucial to prevent severe bone,
Hyperglycemia refers to elevated blood glucose levels, commonly associated with diabetes. It occurs when the body lacks sufficient insulin or cannot utilize insulin effectively. Chronic hyperglycemia can lead to severe health complications. Causes of Hyperglycemia 1. Insulin Deficiency Insufficient insulin production, often seen in type 1 diabetes, leads to elevated blood sugar levels. 2. Insulin
Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES) is a rare blood disorder characterized by an abnormally high number of eosinophils in the blood for prolonged periods, leading to potential damage in multiple organs. Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that plays a vital role in the immune system. When these cells increase excessively, they can cause inflammation
Hypercholesterolemia refers to abnormally high levels of cholesterol in the blood. Cholesterol is a waxy substance essential for cell formation, but excessive amounts can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Hypercholesterolemia is classified based on total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. Causes of Hypercholesterolemia 1. Genetic Factors 2. Lifestyle
Hyperbilirubinemia in newborns caused by hemolytic disease is a serious condition that requires prompt diagnosis and management. Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) is characterized by the destruction of red blood cells due to maternal-fetal blood incompatibility. This leads to excessive bilirubin production, potentially resulting in severe complications like kernicterus. Causes of Hyperbilirubinemia in Newborns
Hyper IgD Periodic Fever Syndrome (HIDS) is a rare autoinflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of fever accompanied by various systemic symptoms. It falls under the broader category of periodic fever syndromes and is caused by mutations in the MVK gene, leading to mevalonate kinase deficiency. What is Hyper IgD Periodic Fever Syndrome (HIDS)? HIDS
Hymenolepiasis infection is a parasitic disease caused by Hymenolepis nana (dwarf tapeworm) or Hymenolepis diminuta. It primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract and is prevalent worldwide, particularly in regions with poor sanitation and hygiene practices. Causes and Transmission of Hymenolepiasis Hymenolepiasis is caused by ingesting eggs of the Hymenolepis species. The primary causes include: Risk Factors