Low-Grade Glioma with BRAF Fusion or Mutation
Low-grade gliomas (LGGs) are slow-growing brain tumors commonly found in children and young adults. A subset of these tumors is associated with BRAF fusion or…
Louse-Borne Typhus: Causes, Symptoms
Louse-borne typhus, also known as epidemic typhus, is a severe bacterial infection caused by Rickettsia prowazekii. This disease is transmitted to humans through the bite…
Loss of Bone Mineral Density (BMD)
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a cornerstone treatment for advanced prostate cancer, effectively reducing testosterone levels to slow cancer progression. However, this therapy is associated…
Löffler Syndrome
Löffler syndrome is a rare pulmonary condition characterized by transient lung infiltrates and eosinophilia. It is commonly associated with parasitic infections, particularly helminths, and presents…
Locally Advanced Breast Carcinoma
Locally advanced breast carcinoma (LABC) refers to an aggressive form of breast cancer that has spread beyond the breast but has not metastasized to distant…
Localized Malignant Tumor of the Anus
A localized malignant tumor of the anus, commonly referred to as anal cancer, is an early-stage malignancy confined to the anal canal or perianal skin.…
Local Anesthesia Adjunct: Mechanisms, Benefits
Local anesthesia adjuncts are pharmacological agents used to enhance the efficacy of local anesthetics. They help prolong anesthetic duration, improve analgesia, reduce systemic toxicity, and…
Liver Cell Carcinoma: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis
Liver cell carcinoma (LCC), commonly known as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is the most prevalent primary liver cancer. It arises from hepatocytes and is often associated…
Liver Abscess: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis
A liver abscess is a localized collection of pus within the liver, typically resulting from bacterial, parasitic, or fungal infections. It can lead to life-threatening…
Listeriosis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment
Listeriosis is a serious foodborne illness caused by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. While relatively rare, it poses significant health risks, particularly to vulnerable populations such…