Lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous fungal infection caused by Sporothrix schenckii complex species. This infection primarily affects the skin and lymphatic system, often following minor trauma involving plant material. It is commonly seen in gardeners, florists, and individuals handling organic matter. Causes and Transmission The primary cause of lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis is infection with Sporothrix schenckii,
Lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) is a rare and aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), primarily affecting children, adolescents, and young adults. It originates from immature lymphocytes (lymphoblasts) and is closely related to acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). LBL is classified into: Early diagnosis and intensive chemotherapy are crucial for improving survival rates. Pathophysiology of Lymphoblastic Lymphoma LBL
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare, progressive lung disease primarily affecting women of childbearing age. It is characterized by the abnormal proliferation of smooth muscle-like cells (LAM cells) in the lungs, leading to cystic destruction, airflow obstruction, and eventual respiratory failure. LAM can occur sporadically or in association with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC-LAM). Pathophysiology of LAM
Lyme disease is a bacterial infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, transmitted to humans through the bite of infected black-legged ticks (Ixodes scapularis or Ixodes pacificus). These ticks are commonly found in wooded, grassy, and brushy areas. Prevention is essential, as Lyme disease can cause severe neurological, cardiac, and joint complications if untreated. How Ticks Transmit
Lyme disease is a bacterial infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, transmitted through the bite of infected black-legged ticks (Ixodes scapularis). When the infection spreads to the central nervous system (CNS), it leads to neurological Lyme disease, also known as Lyme neuroborreliosis. This condition affects the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves, potentially causing severe cognitive,
Lyme disease is a tick-borne bacterial infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and, in some cases, Borrelia mayonii. It is primarily transmitted through the bite of infected black-legged ticks, commonly known as deer ticks (Ixodes scapularis). The disease can affect multiple organs, including the skin, joints, heart, and nervous system. Causes and Transmission How Lyme Disease
Lyme carditis is a cardiac complication of Lyme disease, caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi. This condition occurs when the infection spreads to the heart, leading to electrical conduction disturbances and, in severe cases, heart failure. Early recognition and prompt treatment are essential to prevent life-threatening complications. Causes and Risk Factors Lyme carditis results from
Lyme arthritis is a late-stage complication of Lyme disease, a bacterial infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and transmitted through tick bites. It primarily affects the joints, leading to inflammation, swelling, and pain. Early detection and treatment are crucial in preventing long-term complications. Causes and Pathophysiology Lyme arthritis occurs when Borrelia burgdorferi bacteria infiltrate the joints,
A lung abscess is a localized collection of pus within the lung tissue caused by microbial infection, often resulting from aspiration pneumonia. It can lead to severe respiratory complications if not diagnosed and treated promptly. This article explores the causes, symptoms, diagnostic methods, and treatment options for lung abscesses. Causes of Lung Abscess Lung abscesses
Lower respiratory infections (LRIs) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. They affect the lungs and airways, leading to conditions such as pneumonia and bronchitis. These infections can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi, and they pose a significant health risk, particularly to young children, the elderly, and individuals with weakened