Lung Abscess
A lung abscess is a localized collection of pus within the lung tissue caused by microbial infection, often resulting from aspiration pneumonia. It can lead…
Lower Respiratory Infection
Lower respiratory infections (LRIs) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. They affect the lungs and airways, leading to conditions such as…
Low-Grade Upper Tract Urothelial Cancer
Low-grade upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) is a rare malignancy that arises in the lining of the renal pelvis and ureters. Unlike high-grade UTUC, which…
Low-Grade Glioma with BRAF V600E Mutation
Low-grade gliomas (LGGs) are slow-growing primary brain tumors that arise from glial cells. Among the genetic alterations associated with LGGs, the BRAF V600E mutation is…
Low-Grade Glioma with BRAF Fusion or Mutation
Low-grade gliomas (LGGs) are slow-growing brain tumors commonly found in children and young adults. A subset of these tumors is associated with BRAF fusion or…
Louse-Borne Typhus: Causes, Symptoms
Louse-borne typhus, also known as epidemic typhus, is a severe bacterial infection caused by Rickettsia prowazekii. This disease is transmitted to humans through the bite…
Loss of Bone Mineral Density (BMD)
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a cornerstone treatment for advanced prostate cancer, effectively reducing testosterone levels to slow cancer progression. However, this therapy is associated…
Löffler Syndrome
Löffler syndrome is a rare pulmonary condition characterized by transient lung infiltrates and eosinophilia. It is commonly associated with parasitic infections, particularly helminths, and presents…
Locally Advanced Breast Carcinoma
Locally advanced breast carcinoma (LABC) refers to an aggressive form of breast cancer that has spread beyond the breast but has not metastasized to distant…
Localized Malignant Tumor of the Anus
A localized malignant tumor of the anus, commonly referred to as anal cancer, is an early-stage malignancy confined to the anal canal or perianal skin.…