Corneal ectasia following refractive surgery is a progressive condition characterized by thinning and bulging of the cornea, leading to visual impairment. While keratoconus is the most common form, ectasia can also occur as a complication following refractive surgeries such as LASIK, PRK, and SMILE. Understanding the etiology, risk factors, diagnostic methods, and treatment options is
A corneal abrasion refers to a scratch or injury to the cornea—the transparent, dome-shaped surface that covers the front of the eye. This condition is prevalent and can lead to significant discomfort, visual disturbances, and an increased risk of infection if not promptly addressed. Understanding the causes, symptoms, diagnostic procedures, treatment options, and preventive measures
Contact dermatitis is a prevalent skin condition that can cause significant discomfort and irritation. It occurs when the skin comes into contact with a substance that either irritates it or triggers an allergic reaction. This article will provide an in-depth look at the types of contact dermatitis, its causes, symptoms, treatment options, and prevention strategies.
Constipation predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C) is a gastrointestinal disorder affecting millions worldwide. Characterized by chronic constipation, bloating, and discomfort, it often disrupts daily life and overall well-being. In this comprehensive guide, we delve into IBS-C’s causes, symptoms, diagnostic process, and available treatment options. Our goal is to provide the most up-to-date and accurate information
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP) is a rare but serious blood disorder characterized by the formation of small blood clots (thrombi) throughout the body, leading to a low platelet count (thrombocytopenia). While TTP can manifest as an acquired condition, congenital TTP is much rarer and results from inherited genetic mutations. This condition has significant implications for
Congenital Sucrase-Isomaltase Deficiency (CSID) is a rare inherited disorder that affects the digestive system, causing difficulties in the breakdown of certain sugars in the body. This condition is caused by a deficiency or complete absence of the enzymes sucrase and isomaltase, which are crucial for the digestion of sucrose (table sugar) and isomaltose (a sugar
Congenital pituitary hypoplasia, often referred to as hypopituitarism, is a rare and serious condition characterized by an underdevelopment or incomplete formation of the pituitary gland. This condition can lead to various hormonal imbalances in the body, affecting a wide range of physiological functions. As the pituitary gland is responsible for producing hormones that regulate key
Congenital neutropenia is a rare but serious genetic disorder characterized by an abnormally low level of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell crucial for fighting off infections. This condition, which can be inherited or arise due to specific gene mutations, significantly compromises the immune system, leaving individuals more susceptible to bacterial infections. In this
Congenital neurosyphilis (CNS) represents a serious health condition that arises from a syphilis infection transmitted from an infected mother to her child during pregnancy. This condition primarily affects the nervous system of the infant, leading to a range of neurological and developmental issues. Timely diagnosis and treatment are critical in preventing long-term complications. What is
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) represent a significant class of cardiovascular disorders, typically present at birth, with diverse manifestations and varying degrees of severity. Among these conditions, certain defects necessitate the continued patency of the ductus arteriosus, a fetal blood vessel that normally closes shortly after birth. For infants with specific congenital heart defects, maintaining the