Health conditions and diseases starting with X. Access accurate information on symptoms, causes, and treatments to understand rare conditions.
Xerostomia secondary to Sjögren’s syndrome is a hallmark manifestation of this chronic, systemic autoimmune disease, which primarily targets exocrine glands, especially the salivary and lacrimal glands. This results in significant salivary gland hypofunction, leading to persistent dry mouth and a cascade of oral health complications. The pathogenesis of xerostomia in Sjögren’s syndrome involves lymphocytic infiltration,
Xerostomia secondary to radiation therapy refers to persistent dry mouth resulting from damage to salivary glands caused by therapeutic ionizing radiation, particularly during head and neck cancer treatment. This condition arises due to radiation-induced salivary gland hypofunction, leading to reduced saliva output and significant impairment in oral and systemic health. Patients undergoing radiotherapy often experience
Xerostomia, commonly known as dry mouth, is a condition marked by reduced or absent saliva flow. It significantly impacts oral and systemic health, leading to complications such as dental decay, oral infections, and compromised quality of life. Xerostomia is not a disease itself but a symptom of underlying conditions or treatment side effects. Its prevalence
X-linked hypophosphatemic osteomalacia (XLH) is a rare, inherited phosphate-wasting disorder that affects bone mineralization. It is the most common genetic form of rickets and osteomalacia, resulting from mutations in the PHEX gene located on the X chromosome. This mutation leads to increased levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), which inhibits renal phosphate reabsorption and
X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), also known as Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia, is a rare primary immunodeficiency characterized by an almost complete absence of mature B lymphocytes and immunoglobulins in the blood. Caused by mutations in the BTK (Bruton Tyrosine Kinase) gene, this condition impairs the body’s ability to produce antibodies, rendering affected individuals highly susceptible to recurrent bacterial
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a rare, inherited peroxisomal disorder that predominantly affects males. Characterized by the accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) in various tissues, it leads to progressive damage of the adrenal cortex, spinal cord, and white matter of the brain. The disorder stems from mutations in the ABCD1 gene, resulting in impaired