Health conditions and diseases starting with S. Understand symptoms, causes, and treatment options to make informed health choices.
Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin condition characterized by erythematous plaques, greasy scales, and persistent itching, primarily affecting areas rich in sebaceous glands. It commonly manifests on the scalp, face, upper chest, and back. The condition is non-contagious but can significantly impair quality of life due to its visibility and recurring nature. Primary
Seasonal allergic rhinitis, commonly referred to as hay fever, is an immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergic condition characterized by nasal inflammation triggered by seasonal allergens such as pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds. It primarily affects the upper respiratory tract and is one of the most prevalent allergic disorders worldwide. Key Causes and Triggers of Seasonal
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a recurring form of depression with a seasonal pattern, most commonly emerging during the fall and winter months. This condition is characterized by mood changes, lethargy, and diminished interest in daily activities. SAD poses a substantial burden on mental health, productivity, and quality of life. A strategic approach encompassing clinical
Scrub typhus, also known as tsutsugamushi disease, is a potentially fatal mite-borne rickettsial infection caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. Endemic to the “tsutsugamushi triangle” extending across Southeast Asia, Northern Australia, and the western Pacific, the disease remains a significant public health concern due to its variable presentation and diagnostic challenges. Timely recognition and appropriate antibiotic therapy
Sclerotherapy remains a critical intervention for managing esophageal varices, particularly in patients with portal hypertension. However, while effective, the procedure carries a risk of mucosal complications, including sclerotherapy-induced mucositis. This condition, characterized by inflammation and damage to the esophageal mucosa, can significantly impact patient recovery and overall treatment success. A thorough understanding of its etiology,
Sclerotherapy is a common medical procedure used to treat esophageal varices, particularly in patients with liver cirrhosis. While the procedure is generally effective in controlling variceal bleeding, it can sometimes lead to complications, one of the most significant being sclerotherapy-induced esophageal ulcers. These ulcers can cause severe discomfort and may complicate the patient’s recovery process.
Scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) is an acute, life-threatening complication of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) characterized by rapid onset of severe hypertension and acute kidney injury. It represents one of the most urgent medical emergencies in scleroderma patients, primarily affecting those with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis. Clinical Presentation and Symptoms of SRC SRC typically presents abruptly and
Scleroderma, also known as systemic sclerosis, is a rare and chronic autoimmune connective tissue disease characterized by hardening and tightening of the skin and connective tissues. In some cases, it also affects internal organs such as the lungs, heart, kidneys, and gastrointestinal tract. The condition arises when the body’s immune system produces excess collagen, leading
Schizophrenia is a severe, chronic psychiatric disorder characterized by a profound disconnection from reality. It affects how individuals think, feel, and behave, often resulting in hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, and significant social or occupational dysfunction. Schizophrenia typically emerges in late adolescence or early adulthood and, if left untreated, can severely impair quality of life. Core
Schizoaffective disorder is a complex and chronic psychiatric condition characterized by a combination of symptoms seen in both schizophrenia and mood disorders (either depression or bipolar disorder). Individuals with schizoaffective disorder experience episodes of psychosis—including hallucinations and delusions—alongside mood disturbances. It is a unique diagnosis, distinct from schizophrenia or bipolar disorder alone, and requires careful