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Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (PFIC) is a group of rare, genetically inherited liver disorders characterized by defective bile flow (cholestasis) beginning in infancy or early childhood. One of the most debilitating symptoms experienced by patients with PFIC is pruritus, or chronic itch, often leading to excoriations, sleep disturbances, and severely diminished quality of life. Effective

Pruritus ani is defined as an unpleasant sensation of itching localized to the perianal area, often resulting in an irresistible urge to scratch. This condition, though often underestimated, can significantly impair quality of life and poses a diagnostic challenge due to its multifactorial etiology. Understanding Pruritus Ani: Pathophysiology and Etiologic Factors Primary vs. Secondary Pruritus

Providencia urinary tract infections (UTIs) are significant contributors to complicated and nosocomial infections, particularly in patients with prolonged catheterization or weakened immunity. Members of the genus Providencia, primarily Providencia stuartii and Providencia rettgeri, are increasingly recognized for their resistance to multiple antibiotics, posing considerable challenges in clinical management. Overview of Providencia Species and Their Role

Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition marked by intensely itchy nodules, often arising from a cycle of persistent scratching and skin injury. As a distinct dermatological entity, PN imposes a considerable burden on quality of life and is frequently associated with underlying systemic or neurological conditions. Understanding Prurigo Nodularis: Etiology and Pathogenesis

Providencia species, notably Providencia stuartii and Providencia rettgeri, are emerging pathogens responsible for complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs), particularly in healthcare settings. These Gram-negative bacilli pose significant clinical challenges due to their intrinsic resistance mechanisms and association with indwelling medical devices. This article provides a detailed review of Providencia complicated UTIs, from pathophysiology and diagnosis

Proteus urinary tract infections (UTIs) are commonly caused by Proteus mirabilis, a Gram-negative bacterium. UTIs are among the most frequent bacterial infections, and when caused by Proteus species, they can lead to serious complications, particularly if not diagnosed and treated promptly. This article explores the causes, symptoms, diagnostic methods, treatment strategies, and preventive measures for

Proteus septicemia is a critical bloodstream infection most commonly caused by Proteus mirabilis, a gram-negative facultative anaerobic bacillus. Although typically associated with urinary tract infections, Proteus species can breach epithelial barriers, enter the bloodstream, and result in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), septic shock, and multi-organ dysfunction if not rapidly treated. Pathogenesis of Proteus Septicemia

Proteus pyelonephritis is a serious and potentially life-threatening bacterial infection of the renal parenchyma and collecting system caused predominantly by Proteus mirabilis. This gram-negative organism is known for its swarming motility, urease activity, and ability to form urinary stones, all of which contribute to its pathogenicity in upper urinary tract infections. Prompt recognition and targeted

Proteus prostatitis is a form of bacterial inflammation of the prostate gland predominantly caused by Proteus mirabilis, a gram-negative bacillus commonly implicated in urinary tract infections. This condition may manifest acutely or chronically and is particularly challenging due to the pathogen’s virulence factors and antibiotic resistance profile. Timely diagnosis and targeted treatment are essential for