Health conditions and diseases starting with P. Explore reliable details on symptoms, causes, and treatments to protect your well-being.
Unilateral amblyopia, commonly referred to as “lazy eye,” is a neurodevelopmental visual disorder characterized by reduced best-corrected visual acuity in one eye, not attributable to any structural abnormality. It typically arises due to strabismus, anisometropia, or visual deprivation during the critical period of visual development. While occlusion therapy (patching) remains the most widely recognized treatment,
Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a rare, potentially life-threatening autoimmune disorder marked by the formation of flaccid blisters and painful erosions on the skin and mucous membranes. It results from autoantibodies directed against desmoglein 3 and, in some cases, desmoglein 1 — essential adhesion molecules within the desmosomes of epithelial cells. The consequent loss of cohesion
Pemphigus encompasses a group of rare, chronic autoimmune blistering diseases affecting the skin and mucous membranes. It is characterized by the production of autoantibodies directed against desmosomal proteins, essential for keratinocyte adhesion. The resulting acantholysis leads to intraepidermal blister formation, erosions, and significant morbidity if untreated. Types of Pemphigus: Clinical Variants and Their Distinctions Pemphigus
Pemphigoid refers to a group of rare autoimmune blistering skin diseases characterized by subepidermal blister formation. These disorders arise when the immune system produces autoantibodies that mistakenly target the skin’s basement membrane, leading to inflammation and separation of the epidermis from the dermis. The disease predominantly affects older adults and can present with varying severity
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is a severe, ascending infection of the female reproductive tract primarily affecting the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. Among the pathogens responsible, Neisseria gonorrhoeae remains a leading cause of PID, contributing to considerable reproductive morbidity worldwide. As a sexually transmitted pathogen, N. gonorrhoeae initiates mucosal inflammation that may rapidly progress to
Pelvic cellulitis is a serious bacterial infection that affects the soft tissues within the pelvic region. It involves the subcutaneous tissue and dermis, and may extend deeper into surrounding organs or tissues if left untreated. This condition most frequently arises as a complication of gynecological procedures, postpartum infections, or pelvic surgeries. Rapid medical intervention is
A pelvic abscess is a localized collection of pus within the pelvic cavity, often resulting from a bacterial infection that has spread or remained untreated. This condition can lead to life-threatening complications if not promptly diagnosed and treated. It typically occurs as a sequel to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), gastrointestinal perforation, or post-surgical infections. Pathophysiology
Pellagra is a nutritional disorder resulting from a deficiency of niacin (vitamin B3) or its precursor tryptophan. Historically referred to as the “disease of the four Ds”—dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and death—pellagra remains a public health concern in regions where diets lack sufficient niacin-rich foods or where chronic illnesses interfere with nutrient absorption. Understanding the Role
Pediculosis pubis, commonly known as pubic lice or “crabs,” is an infestation caused by Phthirus pubis, a parasitic insect that feeds on human blood. These lice typically reside in the coarse hairs of the pubic region but may also be found in other areas with dense hair such as the armpits, chest, abdomen, and even
Pediculosis corporis, or body lice infestation, is a parasitic condition caused by Pediculus humanus corporis, an obligate ectoparasite that lives in the seams of clothing and feeds on human blood. Though more prevalent in settings of poor hygiene and crowded living conditions, pediculosis corporis remains a significant concern for public health due to its potential