Health conditions and diseases starting with P. Explore reliable details on symptoms, causes, and treatments to protect your well-being.
Periodontitis adjunct therapy encompasses supplementary treatment modalities designed to augment conventional mechanical debridement, specifically scaling and root planing (SRP). As periodontitis is a multifactorial disease with microbial, immunological, and behavioral components, monotherapy often proves inadequate. Therefore, the integration of adjunctive therapies has emerged as a vital strategy to enhance healing outcomes, reduce inflammation, and promote
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the supportive structures of the teeth, including the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. Originating from untreated gingivitis, it leads to progressive tissue destruction, tooth mobility, and eventual tooth loss if not adequately managed. This severe gum infection is not only a dental concern but also a
Periodontal infection refers to the inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of the teeth, including the gums, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. This infection progresses from gingivitis to periodontitis when left untreated, often resulting in tooth mobility, bone loss, and even tooth loss in advanced stages. Etiology of Periodontal Infection Bacterial Pathogenesis The primary cause
Pericarditis is an inflammatory condition affecting the pericardium, the thin, double-layered sac that surrounds and protects the heart. This inflammation can lead to chest pain, pericardial effusion, and, in severe cases, cardiac tamponade or constrictive pericarditis. Types of Pericarditis and Their Classification Pericarditis can be classified by duration and etiology. Based on Duration Based on
Pericardial malignant effusion refers to the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac surrounding the heart, due to cancerous involvement. This condition often signifies advanced malignancy and carries significant clinical implications. The fluid buildup can compress the heart, impair its function, and lead to life-threatening complications such as cardiac tamponade. Pathophysiology of Malignant Pericardial Effusion
Perianal irritation, medically known as pruritus ani, is a common yet distressing condition characterized by itching, burning, redness, or discomfort around the anal region. While often benign, persistent or chronic perianal irritation may indicate underlying dermatologic, infectious, systemic, or proctologic disorders. Addressing the root cause is essential for effective management and prevention of recurrence. Common
Perennial allergic rhinitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the nasal passages, triggered by allergens that persist throughout the year. Unlike seasonal allergic rhinitis, which is typically caused by pollen and other outdoor allergens, perennial allergic rhinitis is most often induced by indoor allergens such as dust mites, mold spores, pet dander, and cockroach droppings.
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has revolutionized the management of coronary artery disease. However, despite advances in stent design and procedural techniques, thrombosis remains a serious complication, particularly in patients with high thrombus burden or acute coronary syndromes. Preventing thrombosis during and after PCI requires a comprehensive strategy involving pharmacologic and mechanical adjuncts tailored to individual
A tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) represents a severe complication of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), involving the fallopian tube, ovary, and often adjacent pelvic structures. Peptostreptococcus spp., a group of anaerobic, gram-positive cocci, are key pathogens in the development of this condition due to their ability to thrive in necrotic, poorly oxygenated environments. These organisms are part
Septic abortion refers to a uterine infection that arises during or shortly after an abortion, often resulting in systemic toxicity and sepsis. Among the various causative pathogens, Peptostreptococcus spp., a genus of anaerobic gram-positive cocci, plays a significant role, particularly in polymicrobial settings. These organisms, part of the normal vaginal and gastrointestinal flora, can become