Health conditions and diseases starting with P. Explore reliable details on symptoms, causes, and treatments to protect your well-being.
Pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) is a rare, chronic dermatologic condition characterized by follicular hyperkeratosis, erythroderma, and palmoplantar keratoderma. The disease often progresses from isolated patches of rough, scaly skin to widespread involvement, sometimes affecting the entire body. While PRP can occur at any age, it presents with distinct clinical features based on age of onset
Pituitary-dependent Cushing’s disease is a specific subtype of Cushing’s syndrome caused by excessive secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from a pituitary adenoma, typically a microadenoma. This leads to chronic overstimulation of the adrenal glands and hypercortisolism, resulting in a wide array of systemic complications. Early recognition, accurate diagnosis, and appropriate treatment are crucial to improving
Pituitary function studies are essential diagnostic tools used to assess the secretory capacity of the anterior and posterior pituitary gland, helping clinicians diagnose, manage, and monitor disorders affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. These studies involve dynamic and static testing of hormone levels to evaluate the integrity of pituitary and target organ function. Understanding the Role of
Pituitary dwarfism, also referred to as growth hormone deficiency (GHD), is a rare condition that results in abnormally short stature due to insufficient production of growth hormone (GH) by the pituitary gland. This endocrine disorder typically presents during childhood and can profoundly affect physical development, though cognitive function usually remains unaffected. Overview of the Pituitary
Pinta is a chronic, non-venereal infectious skin disease caused by Treponema carateum, a bacterium closely related to the causative agent of syphilis. This condition is endemic to certain rural and tropical areas, primarily affecting populations in Central and South America. Pinta is classified among the endemic treponematoses, along with yaws and bejel, and is recognized
PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS) comprises a group of rare disorders characterized by somatic mutations in the PIK3CA gene, leading to abnormal tissue growth in multiple organ systems. These disorders exhibit a wide phenotypic spectrum, primarily due to mosaic postzygotic mutations, which result in localized, asymmetric overgrowth affecting various body parts. Understanding the Genetic Basis of
Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelocytic leukemia (Ph+ CML) is a hematopoietic stem cell disorder characterized by unregulated myeloid cell proliferation, resulting from the formation of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. This molecular abnormality is the hallmark of CML and plays a central role in its pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. Pathogenesis of Ph+ CML: The Role of BCR-ABL1
Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) represents a high-risk subtype of ALL, characterized by the presence of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene resulting from a translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. This genetic anomaly drives aggressive leukemic proliferation and has historically been associated with poor prognosis. However, with the advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs)
Pheochromocytoma Adjunct Therapy: Pheochromocytoma is a catecholamine-secreting tumor that primarily arises from the adrenal medulla. While surgical resection remains the cornerstone of treatment, adjunct therapies are crucial for managing inoperable, metastatic, or recurrent tumors. These complementary treatments aim to control hormone production, inhibit tumor growth, reduce recurrence, and improve overall survival. Understanding the Role of
Pheochromocytoma is a rare catecholamine-producing tumor that arises from the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. It is characterized by excessive secretion of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and, less commonly, dopamine, leading to potentially life-threatening hypertension and multisystemic complications. Early recognition, accurate diagnosis, and prompt intervention are critical for favorable outcomes. Origin and Pathophysiology of Pheochromocytoma Pheochromocytomas