Health conditions and diseases starting with P. Explore reliable details on symptoms, causes, and treatments to protect your well-being.
Peptostreptococcus species are obligate anaerobic, Gram-positive cocci that are part of the normal flora in the vagina, gastrointestinal tract, and oral cavity. Despite their commensal status, these organisms can become pathogenic under surgical conditions. In gynecological surgeries, particularly those involving the uterus and adnexa, Peptostreptococcus may translocate into sterile areas, resulting in polymicrobial infections. It
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a common Gram-negative bacillus that resides in the lower gastrointestinal tract. While most strains are non-pathogenic in their natural habitat, their translocation during or after gynecologic procedures can lead to serious infections. E. coli is one of the most frequent bacterial pathogens isolated in post-op gynecological infections, particularly in pelvic
Streptococcus species represent a significant cause of postoperative gynecologic infections, particularly after procedures involving the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and adjacent pelvic structures. Group A Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes) and Group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) are primary culprits, though other strains such as Streptococcus anginosus group can contribute to deep-seated abscesses and endometritis. Prompt diagnosis and
Prevotella species, a group of gram-negative anaerobic bacteria, are increasingly implicated in postoperative gynecologic infections. Commonly found as commensals in the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract, they become pathogenic in surgical settings where mucosal barriers are breached. Among them, Prevotella bivia and Prevotella disiens are notably involved in pelvic infections post-gynecologic surgery,
Postoperative gynecologic infections are significant complications following pelvic surgeries, such as hysterectomies, cesarean sections, and laparoscopic procedures. Anaerobic bacteria, including the Porphyromonas genus—particularly Porphyromonas asaccharolytica and Porphyromonas endodontalis—have emerged as critical pathogens in these infections. These organisms, normally present in mucosal surfaces, become opportunistic pathogens in the altered surgical environment, posing serious risks to patient
Postoperative gynecologic infections are serious complications that can arise after procedures such as hysterectomy, cesarean delivery, myomectomy, or laparoscopic pelvic surgeries. One of the most prevalent anaerobic pathogens implicated in such infections is the genus Bacteroides, particularly Bacteroides fragilis. These bacteria, part of the normal vaginal and intestinal flora, can become pathogenic when translocated into
Post-menopause begins 12 consecutive months after a woman’s last menstrual period. It marks the end of natural reproductive years, generally occurring between ages 45 and 55. This phase is driven by a significant decline in estrogen and progesterone levels, leading to physiological and psychological changes that can impact quality of life. Common Post-Menopausal Symptoms 1.
Post-menopausal osteoporosis is a progressive bone disease characterized by decreased bone mass and structural deterioration, primarily caused by the sharp decline in estrogen levels following menopause. This condition increases the risk of fractures, especially of the hip, spine, and wrist, significantly impacting morbidity and mortality in older women. The Role of Estrogen in Bone Integrity
Diphtheria, a potentially lethal infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, primarily affects the upper respiratory tract and is transmitted through respiratory droplets or close contact. In cases of suspected or confirmed exposure, timely prophylactic intervention is critical to prevent disease progression and interrupt transmission chains. Transmission and Pathophysiology Mode of Transmission Incubation Period Disease Mechanism Diphtheria
Anthrax is a serious zoonotic disease caused by Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming, Gram-positive bacterium. Human infection typically occurs through contact with infected animals or their by-products or through deliberate biological exposure. The inhalational form is the most lethal, and post-exposure prevention measures are critical to reduce mortality following suspected or confirmed exposure. Transmission and Types