Health conditions and diseases starting with P. Explore reliable details on symptoms, causes, and treatments to protect your well-being.
Unstable angina represents a critical manifestation of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), characterized by new or worsening chest pain at rest or minimal exertion, without myocardial necrosis. Preventing cardiac ischemia in this context is essential to avert myocardial infarction, minimize morbidity, and improve long-term cardiovascular outcomes. This article outlines evidence-based, multidimensional strategies for the effective prevention
Chronic bronchitis, a form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is frequently complicated by bronchospasm—an acute, reversible narrowing of the airways due to smooth muscle contraction. Preventing bronchospasm in patients with chronic bronchitis requires a multifaceted, preventive care approach targeting inflammation, airway reactivity, mucus production, and environmental exposure. Understanding the Interplay Between Chronic Bronchitis and
Women at high risk for breast cancer due to genetic, familial, or personal factors require specialized, proactive interventions to mitigate their elevated risk. Prevention efforts span pharmacological, surgical, and lifestyle domains, supported by rigorous surveillance and personalized risk assessment. Identifying High-Risk Women for Breast Cancer Understanding individual risk profiles is essential to implementing effective preventive
Bleeding from esophageal varices remains one of the most life-threatening complications of portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis. Preventive strategies, both pharmacological and procedural, are essential to reduce the risk of first-time and recurrent variceal hemorrhage, thereby improving survival and long-term outcomes. Understanding Esophageal Varices and Their Bleeding Risk Esophageal varices are dilated submucosal veins
Bacterial urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most prevalent infections globally, with a disproportionate burden on women, the elderly, and individuals with underlying urological abnormalities. Preventive strategies are essential to reduce recurrence, antimicrobial resistance, and healthcare costs. Understanding the Causes and Risk Factors of Bacterial UTIs Urinary tract infections arise primarily due to the
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is a hematologic malignancy marked by the accumulation of dysfunctional B lymphocytes. A major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with CLL is recurrent and severe bacterial infections. Due to inherent immune dysfunction and treatment-induced immunosuppression, infection prevention becomes a cornerstone of comprehensive CLL care. Understanding Infection Susceptibility in CLL
Bacterial endocarditis, also known as infective endocarditis (IE), is a serious and potentially life-threatening infection of the heart valves or endocardium. Prevention of bacterial endocarditis focuses on identifying high-risk individuals, maintaining optimal oral health, and implementing targeted antibiotic prophylaxis before specific medical or dental procedures. Understanding Bacterial Endocarditis and Its Pathogenesis Bacterial endocarditis results from
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition characterized by recurrent episodes of severe swelling, most often affecting the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and upper airways. Prevention of angioedema attacks in patients with HAE requires a strategic, patient-specific approach that balances pharmacologic prophylaxis with lifestyle modification and trigger avoidance. Understanding Hereditary Angioedema and Attack
Vasospastic angina, also known as variant angina or Prinzmetal’s angina, is characterized by transient myocardial ischemia caused by reversible coronary artery spasms. Unlike stable angina, vasospastic angina often occurs at rest, particularly during nighttime or early morning hours, and may not be linked to significant atherosclerotic obstruction. Preventing anginal episodes in this context demands a
Acute gout attacks are intensely painful episodes of joint inflammation caused by the crystallization of monosodium urate in synovial fluid. While treatment is vital during an active flare, long-term prevention is essential to reduce recurrence, joint damage, and systemic complications. Effective prevention strategies encompass pharmacologic interventions, lifestyle modifications, and dietary management targeted at controlling serum