Browse diseases and conditions starting with A Find expert insights on symptoms causes diagnosis and treatments to help you stay informed and proactive
Acute Myeloid Leukemia with FLT3 Mutation is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of myeloid precursor cells. Among its genetic mutations, the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutation is one of the most clinically significant, associated with a poor prognosis and high relapse rates. Understanding the molecular biology, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive form of blood cancer characterized by the rapid proliferation of abnormal myeloid cells in the bone marrow and bloodstream. AML disrupts normal hematopoiesis, leading to anemia, infections, and bleeding disorders. The disease primarily affects older adults but can also occur in younger individuals and children. Pathophysiology of Acute
Acute Moraxella catarrhalis bacterial sinusitis is a common yet often overlooked cause of sinus infections, particularly in children and individuals with compromised immune systems. As a Gram-negative, aerobic diplococcus, M. catarrhalis colonizes the respiratory tract and can lead to persistent inflammation, nasal congestion, and secondary infections. Understanding the pathophysiology, risk factors, symptoms, and treatment options
Acute Monocytic Leukemia (AML-M5) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) characterized by the proliferation of monoblasts and promonocytes in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. This aggressive hematologic malignancy predominantly affects adults but can also be seen in children. Understanding its pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and treatment options is critical for improving patient outcomes.
Acute maxillary sinusitis, commonly referred to as a sinus infection, is an inflammation of the maxillary sinuses, often resulting from bacterial pathogens. Among these, Streptococcus pneumoniae is a predominant causative agent. This article delves into the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies for acute maxillary Streptococcus pneumoniae sinusitis. Pathophysiology of Acute Maxillary Sinusitis
Acute maxillary sinusitis, commonly referred to as a sinus infection, is an inflammation of the maxillary sinuses—the air-filled cavities located behind the cheekbones. When this condition is caused by the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae, it is termed acute maxillary Haemophilus influenzae sinusitis. This article delves into the symptoms, microbiology, and treatment options for this specific type
Acute Lymphoid Leukemia (ALL) is an aggressive hematologic malignancy characterized by the rapid proliferation of immature lymphocytes in the bone marrow and blood. As a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in children, ALL demands urgent medical attention and tailored therapeutic interventions. This article provides a detailed exploration of ALL, including its pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic
Acute lower genitourinary gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, a gram-negative diplococcus. This condition primarily affects the urethra in males and the endocervix or urethra in females. Transmission occurs through unprotected sexual contact, with symptoms manifesting 2–7 days post-exposure. Left untreated, it may lead to severe complications, including pelvic inflammatory disease
The lysine methyltransferase 2A gene (KMT2A), formerly known as MLL, plays a critical role in regulating histone H3K4 methylation, a process essential for transcriptional activation. Translocations involving KMT2A are recurrent genetic abnormalities observed in 5–10% of acute leukemias, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Over 100 fusion partners have been identified, with common partners
Acute Intestinal Amebiasis Due to Entamoeba Histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is the causative agent of acute intestinal amebiasis, a condition affecting millions globally. This pathogen thrives in regions with inadequate sanitation, transmitting via the fecal-oral route through ingestion of cysts in contaminated food or water. Distinct from non-pathogenic amoebae like Entamoeba dispar, E. histolytica invades intestinal tissues, leading