Iodine Deficiency: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Iodine deficiency is a global health concern, affecting millions and leading to severe thyroid-related disorders. As an essential micronutrient, iodine plays a critical role in…
Intubation of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Gastrointestinal (GI) tract intubation involves the insertion of tubes into the stomach or intestines for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. This article provides an in-depth examination…
Intractable Hiccups: Causes, Implications
Hiccups, medically termed "singultus," are involuntary contractions of the diaphragm followed by a sudden closure of the vocal cords, producing the characteristic "hic" sound. While…
Intractable Eczema: Causes, Challenges
Eczema, clinically known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by redness, itching, and dryness. While many individuals experience manageable symptoms, a…
Intracranial Hypertension: Diagnosis, Symptoms, and Treatment
Intracranial hypertension (IH), also known as pseudotumor cerebri or idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) when no specific cause is identified, is a neurological disorder characterized by…
Intraoperative Nausea and Vomiting (IONV)
Intraoperative nausea and vomiting (IONV) is a significant concern during surgeries, particularly under regional and general anesthesia. It can complicate the surgical process, increase morbidity,…
Intra-Abdominal Peptostreptococcus Abscess
Intra-abdominal Peptostreptococcus abscess is a severe infection caused by anaerobic bacteria, primarily Peptostreptococcus species. These infections often develop secondary to intra-abdominal conditions such as perforated…
Intra-Abdominal Klebsiella Abscess
Intra-abdominal Klebsiella abscess is a serious bacterial infection caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae, a gram-negative pathogen. It typically develops due to perforated organs, post-surgical infections, or…
Intertrigo: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
Intertrigo is an inflammatory skin condition that occurs in body folds due to friction, moisture, heat, and lack of air circulation. It typically develops in…
Interstitial Cystitis: Causes, Symptoms
Interstitial cystitis (IC), also known as bladder pain syndrome (BPS), is a chronic condition characterized by bladder pain, urinary urgency, and frequency without an identifiable…