Iodine Deficiency: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Iodine deficiency is a global health concern, affecting millions and leading to severe thyroid-related disorders. As an essential micronutrient, iodine plays a critical role in…
Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis
Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a severe fungal infection caused by Aspergillus species, predominantly affecting immunocompromised individuals. It occurs when fungal spores, inhaled into the…
Invasive Bladder Cancer
Invasive bladder cancer is an advanced form of bladder cancer that has spread beyond the inner lining of the bladder into the muscle wall or…
Intubation of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Gastrointestinal (GI) tract intubation involves the insertion of tubes into the stomach or intestines for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. This article provides an in-depth examination…
Intractable Hiccups: Causes, Implications
Hiccups, medically termed "singultus," are involuntary contractions of the diaphragm followed by a sudden closure of the vocal cords, producing the characteristic "hic" sound. While…
Intractable Eczema: Causes, Challenges
Eczema, clinically known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by redness, itching, and dryness. While many individuals experience manageable symptoms, a…
Intracranial Hypertension: Diagnosis, Symptoms, and Treatment
Intracranial hypertension (IH), also known as pseudotumor cerebri or idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) when no specific cause is identified, is a neurological disorder characterized by…
Intraoperative Nausea and Vomiting (IONV)
Intraoperative nausea and vomiting (IONV) is a significant concern during surgeries, particularly under regional and general anesthesia. It can complicate the surgical process, increase morbidity,…
Intra-Abdominal Peptostreptococcus Abscess
Intra-abdominal Peptostreptococcus abscess is a severe infection caused by anaerobic bacteria, primarily Peptostreptococcus species. These infections often develop secondary to intra-abdominal conditions such as perforated…
Intra-Abdominal Peptococcus Abscess
An intra-abdominal Peptococcus abscess is a localized collection of pus caused by an infection with Peptococcus bacteria, a genus of anaerobic, Gram-positive cocci. While Peptococcus…