Hyperthyroidism: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Hyperthyroidism is a medical condition characterized by an overactive thyroid gland that produces excessive thyroid hormones. These hormones regulate metabolism, and their excess can significantly…
Hypertensive Crisis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
A hypertensive crisis is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by a sudden and significant increase in blood pressure. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management…
Hypertension with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a serious cardiovascular condition that significantly increases the risk of heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Understanding…
Hypertension Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a chronic medical condition characterized by elevated blood pressure levels. It significantly increases the risk of heart…
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis: Causes, Symptoms
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an inflammatory lung disease triggered by inhaling environmental antigens such as dust, molds, animal dander, or chemicals. This immune response affects…
Hypersensitivity Drug Reaction: Causes, Symptoms
Hypersensitivity drug reaction are adverse effects triggered by an exaggerated immune response to medications. These reactions can range from mild skin rashes to severe life-threatening…
Hyperprolactinemia: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis
Hyperprolactinemia refers to an abnormal increase in prolactin hormone levels in the blood. Prolactin, produced by the pituitary gland, plays a vital role in lactation…
Hyperparathyroidism Secondary to Chronic Renal Failure
Hyperparathyroidism secondary to chronic renal failure (CRF) is a significant endocrine disorder that commonly arises in patients undergoing dialysis. This condition is marked by elevated…
Hyperparathyroidism Secondary to Chronic Renal Failure
Hyperparathyroidism secondary to chronic renal failure, also known as secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), is a common complication in patients with long-term kidney disease. This condition arises…
Hyperoxaluria: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Hyperoxaluria is a medical condition characterized by excessive oxalate excretion in the urine. Oxalate is a natural compound found in certain foods and is also…